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绘制中国空气污染图
作者:英国《金融时报》刘励和(Justine Lau)香港、劳拉•狄克逊(Laura Dixon)伦敦报道
2007年12月17日 星期一
中国环保人士中的一位领军人物推出了一个“曝光”网站,标明了中国境内4000多家空气污染企业的所在地,其中包括40家跨国公司。
此举凸显出环保人士正在采取行动,对中国的污染企业施压,预计中国将在今年成为全球最大的碳排放国。
继去年推出“水污染地图”(Water Pollution Map)网站后,名为“中国空气污染地图”(China Air Pollution Map)的中文网站也于上周正式开通。全国曾有大约9000家公司登上过“水污染地图”的名单,其中包括丹麦酿酒商嘉士伯(Carlsberg)这样的跨国公司。
总部设在北京的“公众与环境研究中心”的创始人马军在“空气污染地图”上点名曝光了40家外资公司,其中包括法国轮胎生产商米其林(Michelin)和德国化工公司巴斯夫(BASF)。中石化(Sinopec)和中石油(PetroChina)等国内大型企业的一些地方子公司也位列其中。污染企业可以改正问题,并邀请第三方对其行动进行评估,这样,自己的名字就可以从马军的网站上撤除。
巴斯夫公司称,该公司之所以登上空气污染企业名单,是因为上海的一家工厂在6月份发生了短暂的泄漏事故。一位发言人称,这一泄漏已迅速得到修补,不会对员工和当地居民带来危险。
米其林上周表示,并不知道自己登上了污染名录。该公司一位发言人表示:“我们在环境政策上极其严格——我们在世界各地的环境政策都是一样的。”
马军称,嘉士伯之所以登上“水污染地图”,因为该公司在中国西北的甘肃省天水市建了一家啤酒厂,距离一条河流只有100米远。这家啤酒厂排污不达标,却只被处以5000元人民币的罚款;相比之下,建造一家污水处理厂需花费390万元人民币(合53万美元)。
嘉士伯上周表示,公司登上水污染名单,是因为当时其污水处理厂的建设遭遇拖延。一位发言人称:“我们确实对工程建设方面的问题感到遗憾。就在公司登上污染名录几个星期之后,一家污水处理工厂就竣工了。”
译者/李晖
英文原文如下:
CHINESE ACTIVIST'S WEBSITE TO EXPOSE AIR POLLUTERS
By Justine Lau in Hong Kong and Laura Dixon in London
Monday, December 17, 2007
One of China's leading environmental activists has launched a “name and shame” website that maps the locations of more than 4,000 air polluters in the country, including 40 multinational companies.
The move highlights the push by activists to put pressure on corporate polluters in China, which is expected to become the world's largest carbon emitter this year.
The Chinese-language China Air Pollution Map, published yesterday, follows last year's Water Pollution Map, a website that listed about 9,000 companies across the country, including multinationals such as Carlsberg, the Danish brewer.
Ma Jun, founder of the Beijing-based Institute of Public and Environmental Affairs, has named 40 foreign companies on the Air Pollution Map, including Michelin, the French tyre-maker, and BASF, the German chemical company. Subsidiaries of large Chinese enterprises such as Sinopec and PetroChina oil companies are also on the list.
Polluters can get their names removed from Mr Ma's websites by fixing problems and asking a third party to audit operations.
BASF said it was put on the air pollution list as a result of a temporary leak at a Shanghai plant in June. A spokesman said the leak was quickly remedied and did not pose a danger to staff or the local population.
Michelin said yesterday it was unaware it had been placed on the list. A spokesperson said: “We are extremely strict on environmental policy – our environmental policies are the same everywhere in the world.”
Carlsberg featured on the Water Pollution Map, according to Mr Ma, after building a beer factory in Tianshui in the north-western Gansu province, just 100 meters from a river. The plant was fined only Rmb5,000 for its discharge, compared with the Rmb3.9m ($530,000, |
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